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The Battle of Taiyuan

The Battle of Taiyuan Tom Su The skirmish of Taiyuan incorporates: Battle of Pingxingguan fight, Tianzhen, Xinkou fight, clash of Taiyuan, clash of niangziguan. From October 1937 to November, during the Anti Japanese War, Chinese second soldiers with the Japanese armed force in North China in the north of Shanxi Province, the eastern and focal areas of the huge scope vital resistance battle.[1] In the pre-fall of 1937; the Japanese Kwantung Army head of staff under the order of Tojo E, the military set up home office in Toronto, with four unit troops along the level Suilu from mongolia. Pinghan way Japanese armed force Fifth Division at the leader of the division under the order of Itagaki Shiro, from Huailai through Weixian County, Laiyuan to Baoding to organize tasks. China, the national government in the second battle in every division in Weixian County, and Tian Zhen, Yanggao Pingxingguan, Datong in the close to the fundamental get together, in anticipation of julebu and Japanese hostility armed force fight. Since September fifth the Japanese assault West , just twenty days, they involved the city, the town of Datong, Jining, Yanggao and enormous zone. Tianzhen Battle: fight from September third began, more than 1 thousand and 500 Japanese soldiers started to assault the Kuomintang positions,In September fifth, 6, the Japanese airplane, tanks, big guns, shielded vehicles and step in excess of 3 thousand horsemen started to assault the town primary position. In the assault, the Japanese armed force likewise utilized a gas bomb, notwithstanding the airplane. The 400 regiment positioned in Panshan to oppose, the final product was miserably dwarfed more than and 800 setbacks, come up short on ammo and food supplies, and afterâ the Japanese advancement position.In September ninth, the fall of yanggao. The Japanese attack complex back to TianZhen. The back was cut away, leader Li Fuying requested to leave,at12,Tianzhen fall, North Shanxi lost boundary. Pingxingguan Battle: in September 21st, the Japanese armed force Fifth Division twenty-first regiment in two infantry unit from Hunyuan south to ascend mountains, the seventeenth armed force assaulted the safeguards of positive, multi day occupation gathering and afterward to twenty-first detachment Chengkou; from Lingqiu toward the south, Pingxingguan from frontal assault, the KMT armed force was battling thirty-third armed force seventy-third Division, 24 soldiers raged once more. Thirty-fifth armed force officer Fu Zuoyi rate hold armed force 2 division fortifications, the Japanese assault disappointed. The Eight Route Army in the 115th division authority Lin Biao, appointee officer Nie Rongzhen prompted a hit Lingqiu, Laiyuan in 685th, the fundamental adversary lines, 686th, 687th regiment three regiment trapped the Japanese armed force in Lingqiu County, ideal territory of East Henan town Pingxingguan upper east expressway on the two sides of the mountain. In September 25th, the Fifth Division forty-second regiment of the twenty-first unit and countless stuff vehicles from Lingqiu to progress in the pre V territory Pingxingguan, killed a large number of individuals, many vehicles were annihilated. The Japanese Army Second detachment, Fifteenth east post, 27 days on the second day of Ru sends out, trades fell. Japanese soldiers involved Fanshi, the danger of Pingxingguan paranotum. multi day and night, Pingxingguan battalion was requested to pull back to Mount Wutai. The Japanese armed force was in Pingxingguan westbound to Daixian. Xinkou Battle: The Communist armed force and the Kuomintang armed force withdrew to Xinkou, the two sides of WuTaishan and the Yunzhonshan mountains, and the safeguard was great. In October second, the Japanese armed force assaulted Gouxian, and afterward squeezed against Yuanping, overcoming Jiang Yuzhens 196th unit in thirty-fourth, December first, 50000 Japanese soldiers started in Xinkou attack, utilized in excess of thirty airplane, forty ordnance, and in excess of fifty tanks. 16, China to retaliate, the Japanese log jam. 19, China armed force effectively assaulted Yangmingbao air terminal and pulverized 24 Japanese planes on the ground, in view of air support, in 26 Japanese attack brigade China army line push back to Shijiazhuang through the Taiyuan railroad. January eleventh, the Chinese armed force to surrender Xinkou, came back to Taiyuan. Niangziguan safeguard fight: The Kuomintang troops into East Shanxi Niangziguan territory protection association, positive for the seventeenth, thirtieth division, fourteenth armed force left, directly by the third armed force, appointee leader of the second region boss Huang Shaohong order. In October eleventh, the Japanese twentieth division of the control of Jingxing, a school of Niangziguan front, the principle sidestep in 13, caught the old traditions. Yan Xishan is on edge to strengthen the north of Shanxi Province, sun Lianzhong pace of the twenty-6th Route Army input Niangziguan, composed a counterattack, the Japanese warriors, however didn't recover the old traditions. 21, the Japanese twentieth division officer Kawagishi Fuburo 109th division of fortifications, to proceed in the aeronautics support under the frontal assault of Niangziguan, covering twentieth division two commando moved southward. estimating the town of fish on the south side of Third Army advancement safegu ard, and pivot to Niangziguan. Niangziguan battalion in full retreat, the Japanese teenageâ boy along the west of the railroad pursue, blocking and repulse Joseph forty-first armed force, the control of Shouyang in November second. Japanese rapidly drawing nearer Yuci, The twentieth division troops stuff by Qigencun, has multiple times by the Eight Route Army 129th division. 26, the Japanese left around 4 Commando Brigade by imperiling Taiyuan. In October fourth and 7, the Japanese armed force in a mountain by Guangyang 115th, 129th division of the Eight Route Army trap. The clash of Taiyuan: In November fourth, Yan Xishan Fu Zuoyi was delegated administrator of the Yugoslav capital Taiyuan, Wei president in the subsequent front, resolved to possess Taiyuan Beijiao positions in Xinkou withdrawing troops, to pull back the soldiers guarding the Niangziguan eastern rural areas of Taiyuan, Yuci to elevate the Japanese fortifications to reserve assault simply thirteenth armed force, 7 armed force unit in thirty-fifth is liable for the harm. In any case, the two line is as yet dependent on the withdrawal of troops isn't steady, the Japanese that followed, the request for disorder. 5, the Japanese represented 6 of Yuci Road, North Road, the Japanese at Taiyuan city divider, 7 sides of the Japanese attack to. Battle to the night, just in excess of 2000 protectors officers. The skirmish of Taiyuan is the Second World War Chinese armed force and Japanese armed force first front fight, yet in addition Chinese Communist Party and the Kuomintang participation jus t because battling, the Japanese armed force involved Chinese moderate speed, it expends the Japanese Army powers broke the Japanese armed force solid. List of sources Chen,C.Peter Battle of Shan Xi World war 2 Database 2004-2007.Accessed Fed 23.2017.www2db.com/ Akira Kakizawa Early Japanese Campaign in the second Sino-Japanese war.Axis History discussion Aug 2006.Accessed March 9 2017.www.forum.axishistory.com/ Long,F Battle of taiyuan.Nov 2015.Accessed March 9 2017.www.baike.baidu.com/ Xi,N Background and procedure of Taiyuan.March 2016.Accessed March 22.www.shanxi.sina.com.cn/ [1] Peter C. Chen. Skirmish of Shan Xi World War 2 Database. 2004-2007. Gotten to February 23, 2017. www2db.com/ [2]

Startup Hubs Around the World Helsinki

Startup Hubs Around the World Helsinki A seemingly unlikely candidate in the ‘Global Startup Hub Leaders’ category, Helsinki has emerged as a viable contender for entrepreneurs searching for a place to start their company. © Shutterstock.com | Scanrail1To discover the benefits of this north European city, we’ll look at 1) the location, 2) the tax incentives of the city, 3) the legal incentives, 4) investors, 5) local resources, 6) specialization of the city, and 7) startups to watch.LOCATIONGeographical BenefitsTucked in southern Finland, Helsinki sits on the Gulf of Finland, an extension of the Baltic Sea. Just fifty miles north of Estonia and two hundred miles west of St Petersburg, Russia, Helsinki is perfectly positioned to impact their corner of the world. A short plane ride to nearby Europe allows the entrepreneur direct access to the majority of the world’s cities quickly. The proximity to other nations draws entrepreneurs who come seeking business freedom and support that they don’t get in their business community at home.As the capital city of Finland, it is the most populous city in the nation, with a population of just over 1 million people. The banking, cultural, political and educat ional center of Finland, Helsinki is uniquely poised to challenge the startup markets in their quest for becoming a global leader. Recently ranked eighth in the top ten cities of the world to live in, the beautiful surroundings combined with the architecture and historical aspects of the city combine to make a view that is breathtaking and invigorating.Advantages of choosing the cityIn an effort to continue to improve the city of Helsinki, the Helsinki City Planning Department has developed a Mobility as a Service (MaaS) plan. Under MaaS, the city will move towards having zero personally owned vehicles in the city. To achieve this, they are putting into effect a mobility sharing plan (MaaS) that provides for vehicle sharing. A centrally located hub would direct users to bikes, train and ride-sharing stops through the city. Monthly service fees could be paid via mobile telephone or a monthly membership agreement for use of the MaaS.Efforts such as these are just an example of the pro gressive thinking and planning that Helsinki takes part in; efforts to ensure that the next generation not only survives, but it thrives. Entrepreneurs who establish their company in Helsinki can take full advantage of the opportunity to be a part of the change that betters the environment.A skilled workforce is another important advantage of choosing Helsinki. With a strong educational system, as well as a leading university in the city, students are joining the workforce secure, confident in their skills and knowledge. TAX INCENTIVESRecently announced tax benefits for investors and small businesses in Finland have proven to be successful in helping to ease the burden of entrepreneurs. Finland’s Prime Minister introduced a plan to provide tax relief to angel investors and remove the minimum threshold that prevented companies from taking advantage of it.There are relatively few tax incentives for companies in Finland to take advantage of, but as the government continues to push to wards startup innovation, the opportunity for the creation of tax incentives will grow. One of the most telling reasons behind the high number of foreign companies starting in Finland is their ease of doing business. To further promote the Helsinki startup hub, the leadership of the city can promote the financial and legal benefits to doing business in the entrepreneurship friendly city.Taxation on foreign residents who work in Finland seems high at over 25%, but compared to some other nations, it isn’t out of scale. If the government wants to continue to attract entrepreneurs to the city, a reduction in tax for startups and investors is essential. There is very little known corruption at the government level, making it attractive to startups in surrounding areas where government corruption is the norm and creating an environment where entrepreneurs can be confident the government is working with them â€" not against them.LEGAL INCENTIVESOne of the strongest arguments for selectin g Helsinki as a startup location is the low levels of bureaucracy there are. Simple registration and paperwork can be completed through a public liability company if needed, and the whole process takes two or three weeks. With an easy registration process, the young entrepreneur can focus on more important tasks like finding office space, securing funding and getting their product to market.Establishing the company with the proper credentials and licensure is simple to handle, and the recurring paperwork that needs to be done in the future can all be handled by one person, and typically can be completed online.Maintaining the easy to navigate registration forms, as well as the clear, non-corrupt form of government will continue to encourage entrepreneurs to select Helsinki as their startup hub. A further incentive by creating special ‘Hub Zone’ areas within the city limits would help to draw startups in. Special zones that are based around housing, office sharing and investors c an help to generate creativity and innovation, as well as help entrepreneurs share information about navigating the startup road.INVESTORSAs an entrepreneur, one of the most difficult challenges is to secure funding by investors. Startup hubs that seek to be competitive on a global scale must bring together the investor and the entrepreneur. For startups in Helsinki, one of the biggest events to bring entrepreneurs and investors together is the Slush conference. With attendance topping 10,000 people, this annual event brings some of the world’s largest angel investing and production firms, as well as some of the most promising new startups under one roof in a weekend of glitz and glam, as well as serious negotiation and business. Planned and executed with the intention of helping the next generation of startups move forward, Slush gives startups the opportunity to interact with investors from various funds as well as hear from energetic speakers who have reached success in their s tartup.Beyond the workshops and concerts, Slush is a two-day constant pitch to people who have not only the money, but the drive to engage in business with startups. With attendance by some of the world’s most significant, top-tier investors, Slush is guaranteeing that not only the ‘who’s who in the startup market’ will be at their event, but they’ll be looking to connect with promising startups. An event of this caliber draws attention, driving the Finnish startup market even higher on the global list of ‘places to watch’.Recent success stories like Nokia or Angry Birds have drawn interest in the Helsinki startup market, and investors have been surging into the city seeking the next big idea. Angel funds, growth capital and venture firms are all establishing offices within the city, a move that benefits the investors and the entrepreneur as well.Helsinki’s startup market is still relatively new, and investors are moving quickly to become the one to find the next big Angry Birds. This creates a level of competition in the city â€" there aren’t that many investment firms to choose from at this point, and the number of startups is limited as well. With a high demand for investors and a low supply, the competition for those investments can be fierce.LOCAL RESOURCESThe city of Helsinki has much to offer the entrepreneur. Media attention on both Nokia and Angry Birds has drawn people from around the world, hoping to get in on the next big idea that is developing beyond Russia. The city is awash in skilled labor as entrepreneurs and workers from Russia and other northern European nations seek the calming, steady and strategic planning evidenced in larger towns with large populations.With eight universities and four polytechnic colleges, the population has a large number of skilled workers for startups to draw upon. By partnering with the colleges, startups could have the opportunity to develop a strategic curriculum that will train students in need ed areas. In addition, the startups have a chance to establish a protocol for learning that will ensure graduates are prepared to enter the world of technology development.Available housing will become more of a challenge as the city continues to grow. Many people moving into Helsinki end up opting to move to the suburb, the rural areas outside of the city, of Helsinki to avoid the crowded city’s resident traffic.A metropolitan city, Helsinki is Finland’s global gateway and has over 140 nations represented within the city. This cross-cultural environment will allow for startups from all over the world to thrive and the entrepreneurs to feel at home through cultural exchange and language.Several success stories have already come out of the Helsinki market: Angry Birds, Linux, Nokia to name a few. In typical fashion, success bread success, and the more success Helsinki has, the more success Helsinki will have. As a resource, having highly successful entrepreneurs available for sup port and guidance is pivotal.Part of the appeal of Helsinki’s livability is the breadth of activities that are available. Sports teams in ice hockey and football provide respite from work when a startup has been working around the clock to get their product to market. Theaters and museums anchor several large spots on the map, and walking visitors can take advantage of the beautiful climate and things to do.Capitalizing on the resources available within the city, entrepreneurs can develop a richer base of experiences, and can offer a well-rounded perspective to their products and services. The discovery of the need (or problem) can often lead to the greatest innovations, and entrepreneurs in Helsinki are determined to be the ones to solve the world’s ills.SPECIALIZATIONWith a clear mandate from the government of Finland, Helsinki has taken aim at becoming the most entrepreneurial friendly city in Finland. Rather than haphazardly putting together an entrepreneur organization and hoping for the best, Helsinki is strategically working towards bringing more startups to the city and is encouraging entrepreneurs to choose their industry wisely.At the present time, startups in Helsinki are focused on service: bank transactions, mobile apps, and online stores, to name a few. With the push towards globalization and the opportunity to interact with customers worldwide, the city realizes that services are not enough to give their startups traction. New technologies and inventions are more likely to succeed outside of Finland, providing the city with the startup motivation needed to springboard into success. Rather than continuing to create technology and apps that mainly serve the people in Helsinki, entrepreneurs need to focus on developing innovative technology and services.Thanks to the unique location and diverse population, more than half of Helsinki’s startups are led by immigrants to the city. This creates a unique opportunity for companies to specialize in fields that Finnish nationals may not consider. Due to the proximity of the city to Russia, a large number of Russian entrepreneurs travel to Helsinki to set up their company, allowing them to take advantage of the friendlier business climate in Finland. Another large number of startups are led by Estonians who are drawn to Helsinki for ease in entrepreneurship. The diversity of the city contributes to the creative vibe that is necessary to truly become a startup hub in the global market.The directive from the government to influence the growth of the tech market gives an indication of the direction the country wants to move. Finding an area of specialization in the city can be as simple as listening to the problems and concerns of the people around and then finding workable solutions. Historically, Finland is known for the development of gaming and digital products. Outside of the tech world, they have always had a strong presence in the area of medical solutions, allowing for inno vative design and development in this area as well.STARTUPS TO WATCHRovio: Creators of perhaps one of the most wildly popular mobile games of all time, Rovio is the company responsible for the Angry Birds invasion that has taken over the world. Statistically the most downloaded game ever, Rovio’s game has spun a line of apparel, plush toys, Halloween costumes and a whole lot more. Even with their off the charts success, however, Rovio is continuing to develop and design new games and apps, proof that success does not mean ‘sit back and relax’.Holvi: Tired of not being in control of their finances, Holvi developers created a user-friendly interface that allows customers to manage their money in a new way. Through their program, customers can share accounts, create invoices and manage bills. Budgeting tools generate reports detailing cash flow based on categories. Developers are currently working through the red tape that will allow the service to be offered to customers in Euro pe, joining the 1,000 customers already taking advantage of the banking program for the non-bank user.ProtoGeo: Health fanatics have embraced fitness tools such as the Nike+ and the Jawbone UP, so ProtoGeo took the idea a step farther. Eliminating the need for additional equipment, the Moves app capitalizes on smartphone technology to sense when the user is cycling, running or walking.Foodie.fm: A connection point between grocers and shoppers, Foodie.fm is a tool that promotes healthy eating. By allowing grocers to communicate with customers directly, shoppers are able to stay informed about their eating habits.Walkbase: Capitalizing on the continued growth of smartphone usage, Walkbase uses sensors in retail shops to track customer information. Tracking software in the sensors can identify shopper behavior, count the number of shoppers and determine where (and how long) they browse in certain areas in the store.Kippt: Internet users know that keeping track of web content is one of the biggest challenges they face. Kippt has managed to eliminate the hassle, storing through bookmarking and allowing users to work with others on the content.Founders Week 2012

Obamacare Or Affordable Care Act - 893 Words

Obamacare or Affordable care act (ACA) refers to the healthcare act introduced by President Obama in 2010 and represents one of the significant healthcare reforms since the passage of Medicare and Medicaid in 1965. The primary purpose of the reform was to increase the quality and affordability of health insurance, expand the reach of insurance, and reduce the costs of healthcare for both individuals and government. First, we will analyze the merits and disadvantages of Obamacare – PROS 1. Currently, 44 M people are uninsured and the reform will help provide affordable and quality healthcare to these people 2. ACA ensures that people with pre-existing health problems such as cancer, can no longer be denied coverage 3. As per ACA,†¦show more content†¦ACA hasn’t made it easy for consumers and with so many moving parts and options, insurance shopping is very complicated and consumers risk over-buying or under-buying 6. There will be an increase in budget deficit in the short-term due and due to the increased demand for primary care visits, we might experience a shortage 12,500-31,000 physicians by 2025 From the analysis, it is evident that Healthcare reform is a complicated issue and I believe ACA is a right step in transforming the industry. Before, we decide on what’s the best course for Obamacare going forward, we need to understand the alternatives presented by the two main presidential candidates – Trump and Hillary – and analyze the possible alternatives. TRUMP – Two of the important components of Trump healthcare reform plan are 1. Repeal the ACA and introduce several new policies – According to the Congressional budget office (CBO), Trump’s plan will increase the number of net uninsured individuals by 21 million. One of the merits of the plan is it will allow insurance firms to sell across states. Though the plan might reduce costs but it would double the number of people without insurance 2. Turn Medicaid into a â€Å"block grant† program – Under t his plan, the federal government will pay each state a fixed allotment of dollars each year instead of paying a portion of state medicare costs (based on a matching rate). This has theShow MoreRelatedObamacare And Affordable Care Act930 Words   |  4 Pagesfunctions. Obama’s Health Care Reform, better known as ObamaCare was signed into law on March 23, 2010. It is officially called the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) or Affordable Care Act (ACA). This act is meant to provide affordable, good quality health care to all Americans and to cut health care spending. The ACA has been on ongoing struggle to reform the health care system. 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Ready or notRead MoreObamacare And Affordable Care Act997 Words   |  4 PagesWhite Professor Eastman English 1020 29 January 2015 Obamacare’s Healthier America Health care has been a controversial topic of discussion for all Americans since it was put in effect many years ago. Currently the biggest debate of Healthcare up to date is Obama’s Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare, is a Health care Reform that is a governmental attempt to make basic health care easily obtainable. However, there are no benefits without cost in situations like this,Read MoreObamacare And Affordable Care Act928 Words   |  4 PagesUnited States, Barack Obama, signed into law the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), which is commonly called the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or familiarly the Obamacare (What is ObamaCare). President Obama created ACA to make health care more affordable and accessible for people in the United States. 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The official name of this reform is the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act. Many provisions of the law are already in effect and the rest are going to continue to develop until 2022. After a year of intense political wrangling, the health reform initiative was passed by Congress. Even though it falls short of providing universal coverage, it is unlike the Clinton proposal. TheRead MoreThe Affordable Care Act ( Obamacare )1604 Words   |  7 Pages Ever since Barack Obama signed the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) into law in 2010, it has been met by criticism from many people from many different ideologies. Although the law held promise for allowing all individuals to afford healthcare and all of its benefits, that is not to say it does not have its downsides. Since passing, both the conservative and democratic parties have found reasons to dislike the law. This es say will include a description of the law itself, criticisms from the two parties

A Brief Note On Beach Pollution Prevention And The...

Beach Pollution Prevention Beach pollution is an ongoing problem in Florida’s waters. Beach pollution is not only the actual garbage left on the beach, but is contaminated sewage and runoff water. Runoff water is water from rain that flows over streets, sewage, and dirt. Sewage is the remnants of human waste. The Environmental Protection Agency and the National Resource Defense Council make rules and regulations as one effort to keep the waters clean. Many other organizations are stepping up and getting involved to do what they can to help keep Florida’s beautiful beaches clean and safe. Now it’s your turn to do your part in protecting the beaches. What Are People Doing? In the article â€Å"Plan of Action: How to Clean Up America’s Beaches,† the National Resource Defense Council presents specific research their organization has conducted on what is causing the most pollution. The NRDC is a group of 350 lawyers, scientists, and policy experts looking to save the environment. Part of the NRDC is directed toward testing the rivers that lead to beaches, trash found on or in beaches, and what is found in animals to research what is polluting the ocean in the U.S. After conducting experiments to find what is causing beach pollution in each state, they then use the information to find ways locals and beachgoers can reduce their pollution. In their conclusion for Florida, they found that water runoff and sewage are what causes the most pollution in the local waters. IncludingShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Importa nt Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagescentury. 3. Social history—20th century. 4. World politics—20th century. I. Adas, Michael, 1943– II. American Historical Association. D421.E77 2010 909.82—dc22 2009052961 The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992 Printed in the United States of America 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 C ONTENTS Introduction Michael Adas 1 1 World Migration in the LongRead MoreMonsanto: Better Living Through Genetic Engineering96204 Words   |  385 Pagesessential part of a strategic management course and is also perhaps the most entertaining part of such a course. The ‘full story’ that follows this summary gives you considerable detail about how to go about a case analysis, but for now here is a brief account. Before we start, a word about attitude – make it a real exercise. You have a set of historical facts; use a rigorous system to work out what strategies should be followed. All the cases are about real companies, and one of the entertainingRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pagesto Text Topics Chapter 1 Modern Project Management Chapter 8 Scheduling resources and cost 1.2 Project defined 1.3 Project management defined 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 2.1 The project life cycle (.2.3) App. G.1 The project manager App. G.7 Political and social environments F.1 Integration of project management processes [3.1] 6.5.2 Setting a schedule baseline [8.1.4] 6.5.3.1 Setting a resource schedule 6.5.2.4 Resource leveling 7.2 Setting a cost and time baseline schedule (1.3.5) [8.1.3] 6Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Read More_x000C_Introduction to Statistics and Data Analysis355457 Words   |  1422 Pagesretrieval systems, or in any other manner—without the written permission of the publisher. Thomson Higher Education 10 Davis Drive Belmont, CA 94002-3098 USA For more information about our products, contact us at: Thomson Learning Academic Resource Center 1-800-423-0563 For permission to use material from this text or product, submit a request online at http://www.thomsonrights.com. Any additional questions about permissions can be submitted by e-mail to thomsonrights@thomson.com. Printed

Organization Study at Sarathy Motors Kollam Free Essays

AN ORGANIZATION STUDY AT SARATHY MOTORS, KOLLAM A report submitted in partial fulfillment of requirement for the award of degree of Master of Business Administration (CSS) of Kerala University Submitted by ASWIN M (Register No: 1105612) Under the guidance of Faculty guide Project guide Mrs. ANJU MURALEEDARAN Mrs. DEEPA M Institute of Management of Kerala University of Kerala Kundara September 2012 DECLARATION I, Aswin M, hereby declare that the project report titled â€Å"Organizational Study at Sarathy Motors in Kollam District has been done by me under the guidance of Mrs. We will write a custom essay sample on Organization Study at Sarathy Motors Kollam or any similar topic only for you Order Now Anju Muraleedaran , Faculty member of Institute Of Management, Kundara centre, University Of Kerala, I also declare that this project report had not been submitted by me, as fully or partially, for the award of any degree or diploma. Place: Kundara Aswin M Date ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First of all I thank Almighty God for all his blessing and for giving me strength, wisdom, and presence of mind in successfully completing this project. I would also like to thank G. Rajesh, Coordinator IMK Kundara, for giving an opportunity to experience a working environment of Sarathy Motors. I am grateful to my faculty guide Anju Muraleedaran for his great support for doing my work. I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks to Mrs. Deepa M, HR Manager, Sarathy Motors for her helpful attitude to me. Finally I would like to thank all those who encouraged me in the completion of my project report. Aswin M LIST OF CONTENTS SL. NO| CHAPTER NAME| PAGE NO. | 1. | INTRODUCTION| 1-5| 2. | INDUSTRY PROFILE| 7-24| 3. COMPANY PROFILE| 25-33| 4. | ORGANISATION STRUCTURE| 35| 5. | ANALYSIS – OBJECT WISE| 36-62| 6. | SWOT ANALYSIS, PEST PORTER’S FIVE FORCE MODEL ANALYSIS| 63-72| 7. | FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS ANDCONCLUSION| 73-76| 8| BIBLIOGRAPHYAPPENDIX| 77-80| LIST OF TABLES AND CHARTS SL NO| TABLE/CHART| PAGE NO| 1| ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE| 35| 2| STRUCTURE OF HR DEPARTMENTS| 38| 3| STRUCTURE OF FINANCE DEPARTMENT| 46| 4| STRUCTURE OF SPARE DEPARTMENT| 49| 5| STRUCTURE OF SALES AND MARKETING DEPARTMENT| 54| 6| STRUCTURE OF SERVICE DEPARTMENT| 58| How to cite Organization Study at Sarathy Motors Kollam, Papers

When Brothers Share a Wife by Melvyn C. Goldstein Essay Example

When Brothers Share a Wife by Melvyn C. Goldstein Paper Goldstein is an American Anthropologist and Tibet scholar whose mall focus Is on the Tibetan society. In this article, It speaks about these three brothers who are Tibetan living in Limb, Nepal. They are all to marry one wife who leaves her home to live with them. All of the brothers share working and having sex with their wife. Unlike our own society, Tibetan society allows a variety of marriage types: monogamy, fraternal polyandry and polygon. They have these family plans for each type of marriages. Monogamy Is when the three brothers take three wives and each have three sons and so on. Polyandry Is when the three brothers take one wife and have three sons. In my opinion both these types are wrong. Im not sure of anyone being in their right mind, would think its okay for brothers to marry one wife together. Its odd to think the wife doesnt seem to care, she thinks of it more as a way that three husbands are better and more helpful than one. We will write a custom essay sample on When Brothers Share a Wife by Melvyn C. Goldstein specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on When Brothers Share a Wife by Melvyn C. Goldstein specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on When Brothers Share a Wife by Melvyn C. Goldstein specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This article reminds me of the video we watched in class only a little different. The video had to do with men who had more than one wife; each woman would watch their own area near their hut. The one message to receive and get out of this article is the culture relativity. It goes to show that each culture is valid in its own way. The Tibetan society were grown up to learn that their relationships are okay Just as how weve grown up in our own society to think it isnt normal and that are way is the right way.

A Sand County Almanac essays

A Sand County Almanac essays In Aldo Leopolds book A Sand County Almanac, Aldo discussed many thoughts, ideas and feelings about the environment and mans interaction with it. He was able to describe his surrounds with amazing ingenuity. One can connect with what Leopold says as he takes us through one thought provoking idea after another in his book. One thought that Leopold described, which holds true to this day, is the concept of a Land Ethic and why such an ethic is needed. Leopold also discusses various barriers that stand in the way of implementing such an ethic. According to Aldo Leopold, man has yet to enforce any sort of ethics in how we treat the land and its inhabitants. It seems that all man really cares about is if we will benefit economically from our relationship with the land regardless of the consequences. What Leopold suggests is that we consider applying the same ethical views to the land as we give each other. Instead of being conquerors of the land, we need to think of ourselves as being a member of biotic community, which includes plants, animals, soil and water. If we think of our relationships with each other and the land in this manner, the thought is that we will give greater consideration and respect to our surroundings before we do something to harm or affect the land. Naturally, there will be a need for us to use the land to our benefit. However, in using the lands limited resources, we need to consider and manage the ways in which we harvest what we need as to limit our impact to the biotic community in which w e live. By having a Land Ethic, man will understand and do what is ethically correct when interacting with his surroundings. The concept of a Land Ethic is a very unique idea. However, given various barriers, implementing such an ethic seems almost impossible in todays society. Unfortunately, man does not view himself as a member of a biotic community as previously described....

Animal Welfare to Animal Rights Spectrum

Animal Welfare to Animal Rights Spectrum Although animal rights and animal welfare frequently fall on the same side of an issue, there is a fundamental difference between the two ideologies: the right of humans to use animals. The Right to Use Animals One of the basic tenets of animal rights is that humans do not have a right to use non-human animals for our own purposes, which include food, clothing, entertainment, and vivisection. This is based on a rejection of speciesism and the knowledge that animals are sentient beings. There are many who believe that humans do have a right to use animals for some purposes, but believe that animals should be treated better. This position is the animal welfare position. Example of Farmed Animals While the animal rights position seeks the elimination of the use of animals, the animal welfare position seeks more humane conditions for the animals. The difference between these two positions can be seen as applied to an issue like farmed animals. While the animal rights position would hold that humans do not have the right to slaughter and eat animals, the animal welfare position would be that the animals should be treated humanely before and during slaughter. The animal welfare position would not object to the consumption of animals but would seek the elimination of cruel factory farming practices such as confining calves in veal crates, confining pregnant sows in gestational stalls, and debeaking chickens. Animal rights advocates also oppose these cruel practices but seek to eliminate the consumption of animals and animal products. Unacceptable Uses To most supporters of the animal welfare position, some uses of animals are unacceptable because the human benefit is minimal compared to the amount of animal suffering involved. These usually include uses like fur, cosmetics testing, canned hunting, and dogfighting. On these issues, both the animal rights position and animal welfare position would call for the elimination of these uses of animals. Animal Issues Spectrum Like many other issues, there is a wide variety of positions on animal issues. One can imagine a spectrum with animal rights at one end, animal welfare in the middle, and the belief that animals do not deserve any moral consideration on the other end. Many people may find that their views do not fit completely in one box or the other or may find that their positions change depending on the issue. Other Terminology A variety of terms is used to describe positions on animal issues. These include animal protection, animal advocacy, and animal liberation. â€Å"Animal protection† and â€Å"animal advocacy† are usually understood to include both animal rights and animal welfare. Both terms embody the belief that animals should be protected and deserve some moral consideration. â€Å"Animal liberation† is usually used to describe an animal rights position, which would oppose any uses of animals for human purposes.

How do people respond to economic incentives Term Paper

How do people respond to economic incentives - Term Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that an incentive is referred to as something that motivates a person to execute an action. Incentives in economics can also be said of factors that alter the purchasing behavior of consumers. Economics as a science relies significantly on assumptions to model and analyzing the actual world. These assumptions can vary from the idea that people are rational, and will act to satisfy their self-interest, to the view that resources are scarce, and thus, becomes subject to laws of supply and demand. According to Deolalikar, and Jones, the economic incentive is a reward, benefit, or the cost that encourages an economic action. People do things purposely, and naturally, and expect benefits from their choices and actions. Before one decides to create something, and sell it to other individuals, similarly, before one buys anything, they are aware of the benefit they are going to get from the product. People respond to of incentives where some are un selfish. Some people are motivated by virtue of their duty, or community in which they live in, or the choices that they make. The truth, however, is that many people and corporations are motivated majorly by financial incentive or rather economic incentives. The facts become apparent when we look at the popularity and success of low-cost retailers such as Wal-Mart. This does not imply that they are bad company, but it exemplifies the current social responsibility that people bear.

The Hours-Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Hours-Critique - Essay Example What colors the whole film is the knowledge that Virginia Woolf will take her own life at the end of the story due to her mental illness (Ehlen 45). These ideas and many others warrant a closer examination and clarification of the thoughts present in the film. As such, this paper will seek to identify and focus on the ideas of the film â€Å"The Hours†. To begin with, as the three main characters continue to search for a meaning in their lives, they evaluate suicide to be a means of avoiding the problems they encounter. Laura, Clarissa, and Virginia have a high credibility towards their perceptions and sensitivity with regard to the world around them. Every moment of their lives, traverses with their evaluation of how they feel about living. Thus, they from time to time see death as a solution to their problems that is why they constantly think of committing suicide (59). Given her mental illness, Virginia considers death as the only way out of her oppressive aspects in her li fe. As we analyze the film, we find that she finally ends her life towards the end of the story. Now that we know Virginia took her own life, it is understandable that her deliberations concerning Clarissa are partly a reflection of her own individual struggle and strive with the idea of suicide. Additionally, while in the same universal exploration of the literary work of Cunningham, the idea of humans fascinating with the idea of mortality revolves around the three main characters. Virginia ends her own life due to her aspects of oppressions following her mental illness. Laura Brown on the other hand, experiences feelings that makes see her trapped by the constraints of her function as a suburban homemaker. Due to these feelings, she considers suicide as the only possible escape. At this instant, the idea of shutting the clamor and chatter of living seduces this character. However, since she is an intellectual, at first, she finds her fascination with committing suicide is an inte rest, which has an academic objective. As a result, the thought of not being able to proceed with the killing crosses her mind constantly (66). Regardless of her thought and visions, the feeling of constraints befalls her more and she starts evaluating the idea of killing herself with a serious note. The idea of Laura’s suicide plan is no longer hypothetical when she stands at the mirror while staring at the sleeping pills. The indebtedness of Michael Cunningham to Virginia is too obvious. Consequently, some critics resolved to use the term pastiche with the view of describing his novel. For instance, as Mrs. Dalloway opens and as Clarissa prepares for a party in one fine morning in June, she departs from home to buy some flowers. This description finds its echo when the second chapter of The Hours opens. Intense clarification of this film points out that, a description that shows and describes what the audience already expects is too obvious. Nevertheless, we see the women w ithin this film trying to define the state of their lives within the roles that society set for them without sacrificing their individual identities (81). Occasionally, women such as Clarissa thinks that she is too domestic and Laura feels trapped within the life she finds herself living. This is a clear indication depicting that women of The Hours have varying degrees comforting their respective roles. Analysis of this situation brings about the idea of constrain of societal roles where trappings and domesticity of women illustrates its

Impact Of Television Violence In Relation To Juvenile Delinquency :: TV Violence Television Cause Essays

When children are taught how to tie their shoes, it is because of how their parents showed them. When children are taught how to do math problems it is because how their teachers show them. With all of the role models how does television affect our children? Many adults feel that because they watched television when they were young and they have not been negatively affected then their children should not be affected as well. What we must first realize is that television today is different than television of the past, violence is more prevalent in todays programming unlike the true family programming of the past. EFFECTS OF TELEVISION - THE BEGINNING Questions about the effects of television violence have been around since the beginning of television. The first mention of a concern about television's effects upon our children can be found in many Congressional hearings as early as the 1950s. For example, the United States Senate Committee on Juvenile Delinquency held a series of hearings during 1954-55 on the impact of television programs on juvenile crime. These hearings were only the beginning of continuing congressional investigations by this committee and others from the 1950s to the present. In addition to the congressional hearings begun in the 1950s, there are many reports that have been written which include: National Commission on the Causes and Prevention of Violence (Baker & Ball, 1969); Surgeon General's Scientific Advisory Committee on Television and Social Behavior (1972); the report on children and television drama by the Group for the Advancement of Psychiatry (1982); National Institute of Mental Health, Television and Behavior Report (NIMH, 1982; Pearl, Bouthilet, & Lazar, 1982); National Research Council (1993), violence report; and reports from the American Psychological Association's "Task Force on Television and Society" (Huston, et al., 1992) and "Commission on Violence and Youth" (American Psychological Association, 1992; Donnerstein, Slaby, & Eron, 1992). All of these reports agree with each other about the harmful effects of television violence in relation to the behavior of children, youth, and adults who view violent programming. The only thing that we know about the effects of exposure to violence and the relationship towards juvenile delinquency we gather from correlational, experimental and field studies that demonstrate the effects of this viewing on the attitudes and behavior of children and adults. Children begin watching television at a very early age, sometimes as early as six months, and are intense viewers by the time that they are two or three years old. In most cases the amount of televised viewing becomes greater with age and then tapers off during adolescence. ). The violence that is viewed

American Culture vs. Jewish Culture: Success Stems from Beyond Marriage

To the modern married woman, nothing assures her of success in her career more that the support she receives from her husband in the pursuit of her career goals. While this kind of support is not always assured, the freedom to pursue her goals without any limitations from her husband works just as well.In fact, women have proved that they can multitask between marriage and a successful career. The medieval idea that a woman is only useful for reproduction purposes once she gets married does not hold water anymore. Through the ages, women have proven their resilience at defying all odds and proving to the word that they are worth more than the domestic roles they were given at marriage.Throughout history, the role of married women as wives, mothers and housekeeper was of much importance both to them and to the family unit.   In Judaism, these roles received respect and were the basis for the exemption of women from time barred commandments (Jones, M. 1999). Accordingly, the role tha t the woman played was given overriding significance to fulfilling commandments.Anti-feminists have over time used the exemption rule that Jewish women enjoyed to state that in actual sense the rule was a prohibition that women should not perform commandment. Although they are the epitome of feminine liberation, many people may not know that Jewish women have overtime fought for their liberation by quoting phrases that favor their position in the society from the  Ã‚   Talmud (Jones, M. 1999).Such rules allow them to perform commandments that are not time restricted. However, the detractors argue that even though they are recognized, as worth some services, they are not as highly rated as their male counterparts. To this, the women argue that the role a wife does not revolve around the synagogue. Many women hold this role in high regards and as a basis of fighting their critics.To understand the situation that women had to contend with through the centuries, one needs to look at t he evolution of marriage through the times.In the older days, marriage for women was out of lack of a better thing they could engage their time in all areas of life. Women were disadvantaged and never gained the skills required to lead successful lives without the support of the socially advantaged male figure.In most cases, women had no control over certain like education, as their roles were purely reserved for domestic duties. Early in life, young girls were taught that their sole purpose was marriage and child bearing (Gordis, D.H. 2008).When they were ripe of age, and considering that, the society had created a dependant mentality in them, the women were under pressure to get a suitable husband and get married. Ideally, the man was supposed to provide for the woman and any dependants that resulted from the relationship.The woman’s social standing was so low such that they would be used to secure business transactions. Accordingly, the fathers were at liberty to sell thei r daughters to whoever pleased them, whether the woman liked the man they were being sold off to or not.The 17th century however had better things for women. They begun to exert more power to the men and consequently demanded for more freedoms.They begun to resist marriage through coercion and instead put their personal happiness beyond  Ã‚   the pressure from family and the society. Though the start was shaky, the wars that hit America in 1775 and 1812 led to the rise of a more liberal group of women,   who took the roles that their husbands and still brought food to the table as well as handling their regular domestic chores.It has always been a common view for women to be seen as the source of human life- something they take pride in. The problem is that with this view come other negative thoughts too.Good examples are thoughts expressed by Thomas Aquinas, a theologian in the 13th century who said that men can be assisted by fellow men in other things except in conception. Fo r this reason, he referred to women as men’s helpmate and defined her unique role as conception.A Latin Church founder in the 4th century, St. Jerome also cast demeaning aspersion to women just like Thomas Aquinas did. To Jerome however, women were the devil’s gate. In fact, his sentiments were so string that he believed that women were the only way to wickedness and thus to him they were no more than perilous objects that men had to be wary of (Hooker, R. 1996).Naturally, women are considered the weaker sex, a fact that continued to perpetuate their low position in society. Because they were not as masculine as their male counterparts, they were relegated domestic chores such as milking cows, tending the children, drawing water and washing clothes.Men were oblivious of the fact that the energy required to do the collective household chores was even more than some of the hard labor than would do in the fields.   The psychological tolerance that women developed while attending to such chores was to benefit them years later  Ã‚   when the oppression against them by men became too much to bear.The â€Å"woman’s place is in the home† stereotype is a result of their biological role as birth givers. Before the 16th century, women did not express themselves in a way to portray that they were tired of the status quo. Instead, they submissively obeyed everything that the male figures in their lives would tell them to do. These male figures could be anybody from their fathers, husbands, brothers or cousins.The American CultureWomen present in the colonial America –whether black, natives or Hispanic- all had one common characteristic; they all obeyed the dictates of their husbands, fathers, brothers or masters.   Ã‚  It was not until later when British Settlers enlighten the view of these women and by indicating to them that men did not necessarily have to be rulers over them.A point in the case of John Locke, an English philosoph er   Ã‚  who was also renowned as an enlightenment thinker   and played a   major role in informing the American women that they had   individual identities   and needed to   care for ‘the self’ Shultz, S.K and Tishler W.P. 2003, pg 45).The American culture was such that a woman had no property rights. They could not sue, nor be sued and had no right to vote, divorce or speak on behalf of the family unit. It was until the 19th century that women gained rights to divorce and vote.The right to vote was granted to them through the passing of the 19th amendment in 1919. Eleven years earlier, women’s efforts to have a day set in their honor, which they wanted to name Mother’s day, had been rejected by the senate on the grounds that the day would demean motherhood (Shultz, S.K and Tishler W.P. 2003 pg52).The American Revolution which lasted for the better half of the 18th century was an eye opener for most women. One of the outstanding factors is tha t women’s roles at home changed. This because they were required to instill thoughts of patriotism to their children during a time when the husbands were out fighting the Britons.The absence of a male figure at home also contributed to more liberal wife-husband relationship. When the economic fortunes took a turn for the worse, women invariably took jobs formally reserved for men to earn extra money for household use. In rare cases, they would run the family businesses (Hartman, M.1996 pg 44).Surprisingly though, the little gains that American   women had   made during this time only worsened   men subordination towards them especially   because   they figured that women were threatening their roles as the head of household. Worse still, the laws saw to the disenfranchising and subordination of women both socially and legally (Lewis 2000).

Malcolm X Quotes

Controversial. Witty. Eloquent. These are some of the ways African-American activist and former Nation of Islam spokesman Malcolm X was described before and after his death in 1965. One of the reasons Malcolm X developed a reputation as a firebrand who intimidated whites and middle-of-the-road blacks is largely because of the provocative comments he made in interviews and speeches. While the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. earned praise and respect from the mainstream public by embracing Gandhi’s philosophy of nonviolence, Malcolm X struck fear in the heart of white America by maintaining that blacks had the right to defend themselves by any means necessary. In contrast, many African Americans appreciated Malcolm for discussing black love and black empowerment. Excerpts from his speeches reveal why Malcolm X surfaced as a leader that the public both feared and admired. On Being an American On April 3, 1964, Malcolm X gave a speech called the â€Å"Ballot or the Bullet† in which he urged blacks to overcome their class, religious and other differences to counter racial oppression. In the speech, Malcolm X also pointed out that he wasn’t anti-white but anti-exploitation and that he didn’t identify as a Republican, Democrat or an American. He said, â€Å"Well, I am one who doesn’t believe in deluding myself. I’m not going to sit at your table and watch you eat, with nothing on my plate, and call myself a diner. Sitting at the table doesn’t make you a diner, unless you eat some of what’s on that plate. Being here in America doesn’t make you an American. Being born here in America doesn’t make you an American. Why, if birth made you American, you wouldn’t need any legislation; you wouldn’t need any amendments to the Constitution; you wouldn’t be faced with civil-rights filibustering in Washington, D.C., right now. †¦No, I’m not an American. I’m one of the 22 million black people who are the victims of Americanism.† By Any Means Necessary In life and in death, Malcolm X has been accused of being a violence-loving militant. A speech he gave on June 28, 1964, to discuss the founding of the Organization of Afro-American Unity reveals otherwise. Rather than support wanton violence, Malcolm X supported self-defense. He remarked, â€Å"The time for you and me to allow ourselves to be brutalized nonviolently is passà ©. Be nonviolent only with those who are nonviolent to you. And when you can bring me a nonviolent racist, bring me a nonviolent segregationist, then Ill get nonviolent. †¦ If the United States government doesnt want you and me to get rifles, then take the rifles away from those racists. If they don’t want you and me to use clubs, take the clubs away from the racists.† Slave Mentality During a visit to Michigan State University in 1963, Malcolm X delivered a speech discussing the differences between â€Å"field Negroes† and â€Å"house Negroes† during slavery. He painted the house Negro as content with his circumstances and subservient to his master, the field Negro’s opposite. Of the house Negro, he remarked, â€Å"His master’s pain was his pain. And it hurt him more for his master to be sick than for him to be sick himself. When the house started burning down, that type of Negro would fight harder to put the master’s house out than the master himself would. But then you had another Negro out in the field. The house Negro was in the minority. The masses—the field Negroes were the masses. They were in the majority. When the master got sick, they prayed that he’d die. If his house caught on fire, theyd pray for a wind to come along and fan the breeze.† Malcolm X said that while the house Negro would refuse to even entertain the thought of leaving his master, the field Negro jumped at the opportunity to be free. He said that in 20th century America, house Negroes still existed, only they’re well dressed and speak well. â€Å"And when you say, ‘your army,’ he says, ‘our army,’† Malcolm X explained. â€Å"He hasn’t got anybody to defend him, but anytime you say ‘we’ he says ‘we.’ †¦ When you say you’re in trouble, he says, ‘Yes, we’re in trouble.’ But there’s another kind of black man on the scene. If you say you’re in trouble, he says, ‘Yes, you’re in trouble.’ He doesn’t identify himself with your plight whatsoever.† On The Civil Rights Movement Malcolm X gave a speech on Dec. 4, 1963, called â€Å"God’s Judgment of White America.† In it he questioned the authenticity and effectiveness of the civil rights movement, arguing that whites were running the movement. He said, â€Å"The Negro ‘revolt’ is controlled by the white man, the white fox. The Negro ‘revolution’ is controlled by this white government. The leaders of the Negro ‘revolution’ (the civil rights leaders) are all subsidized, influenced and controlled by the white liberals; and all of the demonstrations that are taking place on this country to desegregate lunch counters, theaters, public toilets, etc., are just artificial fires that have been ignited and fanned by the white liberals in the desperate hope that they can use this artificial revolution to fight off the real black revolution that has already swept white supremacy out of Africa, Asia, and is sweeping it out of Latin America...and is even now manifesting itself also right here among the black masses in this country.† The Importance of Black History In December 1962, Malcolm X gave a speech called â€Å"Black Man’s History† in which he argued that black Americans aren’t as successful as others because they don’t know their history. He stated: â€Å"There are black people in America who have mastered the mathematical sciences, have become professors and experts in physics, are able to toss sputniks out there in the atmosphere, out in space. They are masters in that field. We have black men who have mastered the field of medicine, we have black men who have mastered other fields, but very seldom do we have black men in America who have mastered the knowledge of the history of the black man himself. We have among our people those who are experts in every field, but seldom can you find one among us who is an expert on the history of the black man. And because of his lack of knowledge concerning the history of the black man, no matter how much he excels in the other sciences, he’s always confined, he’s always relegated to the same low rung of the ladder that the dumbest of our people are relegated to.†